Triprotic Acid Titration Curve

H₃A + NaOH → Interactive Simulator

Solution Parameters

Acid concentration (M)

Acid volume (mL)

Base concentration (M)

Adjust pKₐ Values

pK_a1 3.00

pK_a2 6.50

pK_a3 9.50

Equivalence pts. Half-equiv. / pKₐ Buffer regions

Titration curve

Equivalence points

Half-equiv. (pH = pKₐ)

Buffer regions (±1 pH unit of pKₐ)

Charge balance solved numerically at each pH step:
[H⁺] + [Na⁺] = [A³⁻]·(charge contributions) + [OH⁻]
V_b(pH) found by inverting the proton-condition for H₃A / NaOH system.