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Ignored files:
    Ignored:    .DS_Store
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    Ignored:    data/.DS_Store
    Ignored:    data/gbd/.DS_Store
    Ignored:    data/gbd/IHME-GBD_2021_DATA-d8cf695e-1.csv
    Ignored:    data/gbd/ihme_gbd_2019_global_disease_burden_rate_all_ages.csv
    Ignored:    data/gbd/ihme_gbd_2019_global_paf_rate_percent_all_ages.csv
    Ignored:    data/gbd/ihme_gbd_2021_global_disease_burden_rate_all_ages.csv
    Ignored:    data/gbd/ihme_gbd_2021_global_paf_rate_percent_all_ages.csv
    Ignored:    data/gwas_catalog/
    Ignored:    data/icd/.DS_Store
    Ignored:    data/icd/IHME_GBD_2019_COD_CAUSE_ICD_CODE_MAP_Y2020M10D15.XLSX
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    Ignored:    data/icd/IHME_GBD_2021_COD_CAUSE_ICD_CODE_MAP_Y2024M05D16.XLSX
    Ignored:    data/icd/IHME_GBD_2021_NONFATAL_CAUSE_ICD_CODE_MAP_Y2024M05D16.XLSX
    Ignored:    data/icd/UK_Biobank_master_file.tsv
    Ignored:    data/icd/cdc_valid_icd10_Sep_23_2025.xlsx
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    Ignored:    data/icd/phecode_international_version_unrolled.csv
    Ignored:    data/icd/semiautomatic_ICD-pheno.txt
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    Ignored:    diseases.txt
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Untracked files:
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    Modified:   analysis/gbd_data_plots.Rmd
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    Modified:   analysis/level_1_disease_group_non_cancer.Rmd
    Modified:   analysis/level_2_disease_group.Rmd
    Modified:   analysis/map_trait_to_icd10.Rmd
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File Version Author Date Message
Rmd 81a7bd1 IJbeasley 2025-10-08 No longer removing many infectious diseases

1 Set up

library(dplyr)
library(data.table)
library(stringr)

1.1 Ontology help - for getting disease subtypes

source(here::here("code/get_term_descendants.R"))
gwas_study_info <- fread(here::here("output/gwas_cat/gwas_study_info_disease_trait_simplified.csv"))

1.2 Initial summary - number of unique study terms

1.2.1 When separate studies with multiple terms

diseases <- stringr::str_split(pattern = ", ", 
 gwas_study_info$collected_all_disease_terms[gwas_study_info$collected_all_disease_terms != ""])  |> 
            unlist() |>
            stringr::str_trim()

length(unique(diseases))
[1] 2187

2 HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections

2.1 HIV/AIDS

2.1.1 HIV subgrouping

gwas_study_info = gwas_study_info |>
    mutate(collected_all_disease_terms = 
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          vec_to_grep_pattern("hiv-1 infection"),
                          "hiv infection"
         ))

2.2 Sexually transmitted infections (other than HIV)

3 Respiratory infections and tuberculosis

3.1 Tuberculosis

tb_terms <- c("mycobacterium tuberculosis infection",
              "pulmonary tuberculosis",
              "extrapulmonary tuberculosis",
              "meningeal tuberculosis")


gwas_study_info = gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          pattern = vec_to_grep_pattern(tb_terms),
                          "tuberculosis"
         ))

3.2 Lower respiratory infections

# in the case of acute / chronic bronchitis, we will remove only acute
gwas_study_info = 
  gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         ifelse(grepl("acute bronchitis", `DISEASE/TRAIT`, ignore.case = T) & 
                grepl(vec_to_grep_pattern("bronchitis"), 
                      collected_all_disease_terms, 
                      ignore.case = T,
                      perl = T),
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          vec_to_grep_pattern("bronchitis"),
                          "acute bronchitis"),
               collected_all_disease_terms
         ))

# if bronchitis is specified as chronic in DISEASE/TRAIT, replace bronchitis with chronic bronchitis
# in to collected_all_disease_terms
gwas_study_info = 
  gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         ifelse(grepl("chronic bronchitis", `DISEASE/TRAIT`, ignore.case = T) & 
                grepl(vec_to_grep_pattern("bronchitis"), 
                      collected_all_disease_terms, 
                      ignore.case = T,
                      perl = T),
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          vec_to_grep_pattern("bronchitis"),
                          "chronic bronchitis"),
               collected_all_disease_terms
         ))


# similar, for bronchiolitis, remove if acute
gwas_study_info = 
  gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         ifelse(grepl("acute bronchiolitis", `DISEASE/TRAIT`, ignore.case = T) & 
                grepl(vec_to_grep_pattern("bronchiolitis"), 
                      collected_all_disease_terms, 
                      ignore.case = T,
                      perl = T),
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          vec_to_grep_pattern("bronchiolitis"),
                          "acute bronchiolitis"),
               collected_all_disease_terms
         ))

3.3 Upper respiratory infections

# remove larygitis, if acute
gwas_study_info = 
  gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         ifelse(grepl("acute laryngitis", `DISEASE/TRAIT`, ignore.case = T) & 
                grepl(vec_to_grep_pattern("laryngitis"), 
                      collected_all_disease_terms, 
                      ignore.case = T,
                      perl = T),
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          vec_to_grep_pattern("laryngitis"),
                          "acute laryngitis"),
               collected_all_disease_terms
         ))

# if laryngitis is specified as acute in DISEASE/TRAIT, remove disease from collected_all_disease_terms
gwas_study_info = 
  gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         ifelse(grepl("acute laryngitis", `DISEASE/TRAIT`, ignore.case = T) & 
                collected_all_disease_terms == "disease",
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          vec_to_grep_pattern("disease"),
                          "acute laryngitis"),
               collected_all_disease_terms
         ))

# if laryngitis is specified as chronic in DISEASE/TRAIT, replace laryngitis with chronic laryngitis
gwas_study_info = 
  gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         ifelse(grepl("chronic laryngitis", `DISEASE/TRAIT`, ignore.case = T) & 
                grepl(vec_to_grep_pattern("laryngitis"), 
                      collected_all_disease_terms, 
                      ignore.case = T,
                      perl = T),
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          vec_to_grep_pattern("laryngitis"),
                          "chronic laryngitis"),
               collected_all_disease_terms
         ))

# for tonsillitis, remove if acute
gwas_study_info = 
  gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         ifelse(grepl("acute tonsillitis|ICD10 J03", `DISEASE/TRAIT`, ignore.case = T) & 
                grepl(vec_to_grep_pattern("tonsillitis"), 
                      collected_all_disease_terms, 
                      ignore.case = T,
                      perl = T),
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          vec_to_grep_pattern("tonsillitis"),
                          "acute tonsillitis"),
               collected_all_disease_terms
         ))

# remove disease, if DISEASE/TRAIT contains acute tonsillitis
gwas_study_info = 
  gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         ifelse(grepl("acute tonsillitis", `DISEASE/TRAIT`, ignore.case = T) & 
                collected_all_disease_terms == "disease",
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          vec_to_grep_pattern("disease"),
                          "acute tonsillitis"),
               collected_all_disease_terms
         ))

# for tonsillitis, if chronic in DISEASE/TRAIT, replace tonsillitis with chronic tonsillitis
gwas_study_info = 
  gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         ifelse(grepl("chronic tonsillitis", `DISEASE/TRAIT`, ignore.case = T) & 
                grepl(vec_to_grep_pattern("tonsillitis"), 
                      collected_all_disease_terms, 
                      ignore.case = T,
                      perl = T),
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          vec_to_grep_pattern("tonsillitis"),
                          "chronic tonsillitis"),
               collected_all_disease_terms
         ))

3.4 Otitis media

url <- "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/api/ontologies/doid/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FDOID_10754/descendants"

otitis_media_terms <- get_descendants(url)
[1] "Number of terms collected:"
[1] 20
[1] "\n Some example terms"
[1] "chronic tubotympanic suppurative otitis media"
[2] "acute allergic sanguinous otitis media"       
[3] "acute allergic mucoid otitis media"           
[4] "acute allergic serous otitis media"           
[5] "middle ear cholesterol granuloma"             
gwas_study_info = gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          pattern = vec_to_grep_pattern(otitis_media_terms),
                          "otitis media"
         ))



# where  collected_all_disease_terms==disease, and otitis media in DISEASE/TRAIT, remove disease
gwas_study_info = 
  gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         ifelse(grepl("otitis media", `DISEASE/TRAIT`, ignore.case = T) & 
                collected_all_disease_terms == "disease",
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          vec_to_grep_pattern("disease"),
                          "otitis media"),
               collected_all_disease_terms
         ))

3.5 Other

3.5.1 Influenza a (h1n1) (subset of influenza)

gwas_study_info = gwas_study_info |>
    mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          vec_to_grep_pattern("influenza a \\(h1n1\\)"),
                          "influenza"
         ))

4 Enteric infections

4.1 Diarrheal diseases

# if diarrhea is caused by IBS, add ibs to collected_all_disease_terms

gwas_study_info = gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
        ifelse(grepl("IBS", `DISEASE/TRAIT`, ignore.case = T) &
               grepl("diarrhea", collected_all_disease_terms, ignore.case = T),
               paste0(collected_all_disease_terms, ", irritable bowel syndrome"),
               collected_all_disease_terms
               )
         )

# remove dysentery
gwas_study_info = gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         stringr::str_remove_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          pattern = vec_to_grep_pattern("dysentery")
         )
         )

4.2 Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers

4.3 Other intestinal infectious diseases

5 Neglected tropical diseases and malaria

5.1 Malaria

5.1.1 Plasmodium falciparum and vivax malaria

gwas_study_info = gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          vec_to_grep_pattern(
                            c("plasmodium falciparum malaria",
                              "plasmodium vivax malaria"
                              )),
                          "malaria"
         ))

5.2 Leishmaniasis

gwas_study_info = gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          pattern = vec_to_grep_pattern(c(
                            "visceral leishmaniasis",
                            "cutaneous leishmaniasis")
         ),
         "leishmaniasis"
         )
         )

5.3 Dengue

gwas_study_info = 
  gwas_study_info |> 
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          vec_to_grep_pattern("dengue hemorrhagic fever"),
                          "dengue"
         ))

gwas_study_info |>
  filter(grepl("dengue", collected_all_disease_terms, ignore.case = T)) |>
  select(`DISEASE/TRAIT`, collected_all_disease_terms)
           DISEASE/TRAIT collected_all_disease_terms
                  <char>                      <char>
1: Dengue shock syndrome                      dengue

5.4 Acute hepatitis

gwas_study_info = gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms  = 
         ifelse(`DISEASE/TRAIT` == "Acute hepatitis A infection",
         stringr::str_replace_all(collected_all_disease_terms,
                          pattern = vec_to_grep_pattern("hepatitis a infection"),
                          "acute hepatitis a infection"
                          ),
         collected_all_disease_terms
         )
  )

6 Update and save output

6.1 Deal with duplicate terms created during grouping

gwas_study_info = 
 gwas_study_info |>
  rowwise() |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms = paste0(sort(unique(unlist(strsplit(collected_all_disease_terms, ", ")))),
                                      collapse = ", ")
         ) |>
  ungroup()

6.2 Deal with hanging commas and spaces

gwas_study_info = gwas_study_info |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms = stringr::str_remove_all(collected_all_disease_terms, "^,|,$")
         ) |>
  mutate(collected_all_disease_terms = stringr::str_trim(collected_all_disease_terms)
         ) 

6.3 Final summary - number of unique study terms

n_studies_trait = gwas_study_info |>
  dplyr::filter(DISEASE_STUDY == T) |>
  dplyr::select(collected_all_disease_terms, PUBMED_ID) |>
  dplyr::distinct() |>
  dplyr::group_by(collected_all_disease_terms) |>
  dplyr::summarise(n_studies = dplyr::n()) |>
  dplyr::arrange(desc(n_studies))

head(n_studies_trait)
# A tibble: 6 × 2
  collected_all_disease_terms n_studies
  <chr>                           <int>
1 type 2 diabetes mellitus          145
2 alzheimers disease                116
3 breast cancer                     112
4 asthma                            110
5 major depressive disorder         108
6 schizophrenia                     103
dim(n_studies_trait)
[1] 3016    2

6.3.1 When separate studies with multiple terms

diseases <- stringr::str_split(pattern = ", ", 
 gwas_study_info$collected_all_disease_terms[gwas_study_info$collected_all_disease_terms != ""])  |> 
            unlist() |>
            stringr::str_trim()

length(unique(diseases))
[1] 2167

6.4 Save output

fwrite(gwas_study_info,
here::here("output/gwas_cat/gwas_study_info_disease_trait_filtered.csv"))

sessionInfo()
R version 4.3.1 (2023-06-16)
Platform: aarch64-apple-darwin20 (64-bit)
Running under: macOS 15.6.1

Matrix products: default
BLAS:   /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.3-arm64/Resources/lib/libRblas.0.dylib 
LAPACK: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.3-arm64/Resources/lib/libRlapack.dylib;  LAPACK version 3.11.0

locale:
[1] en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/C/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8

time zone: America/Los_Angeles
tzcode source: internal

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices datasets  utils     methods   base     

other attached packages:
[1] jsonlite_2.0.0    httr_1.4.7        stringr_1.5.1     data.table_1.17.8
[5] dplyr_1.1.4       workflowr_1.7.1  

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
 [1] compiler_4.3.1    renv_1.0.3        promises_1.3.3    tidyselect_1.2.1 
 [5] Rcpp_1.1.0        git2r_0.36.2      callr_3.7.6       later_1.4.2      
 [9] jquerylib_0.1.4   yaml_2.3.10       fastmap_1.2.0     here_1.0.1       
[13] R6_2.6.1          generics_0.1.4    curl_6.4.0        knitr_1.50       
[17] tibble_3.3.0      rprojroot_2.1.0   bslib_0.9.0       pillar_1.11.0    
[21] rlang_1.1.6       utf8_1.2.6        cachem_1.1.0      stringi_1.8.7    
[25] httpuv_1.6.16     xfun_0.52         getPass_0.2-4     fs_1.6.6         
[29] sass_0.4.10       cli_3.6.5         withr_3.0.2       magrittr_2.0.3   
[33] ps_1.9.1          digest_0.6.37     processx_3.8.6    rstudioapi_0.17.1
[37] lifecycle_1.0.4   vctrs_0.6.5       evaluate_1.0.4    glue_1.8.0       
[41] whisker_0.4.1     rmarkdown_2.29    tools_4.3.1       pkgconfig_2.0.3  
[45] htmltools_0.5.8.1