Last updated: 2025-04-10

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Knit directory: HairCort-Evaluation-Nist2020/

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Data Cleaning and Quality Control (QC) details how files are loaded, merged, and cleaned, including the exclusion of unnecessary columns and handling of missing values.

Set parameters

# flag samples with high CV (15%) or binding above 80% and under 20%
CV_threshold <- 15.0
uppBinLim <- 80.0
lowBinLim <- 20.0

Data Cleaning and QC

Load, inspect and merge 3 files:

  • layout: 7 columns (Wells, Sample, weight_mg, buffer_nl, spike, volume of the spike, dilution factor), 96 rows
  • results: from myassays.com (not including standards), 82 rows
[1] 96 11
Wells Sample Categ weight_mg buffer_nl spike spike_vol_uL Dilution_sample Dilution_spike vol_in_well.tube_uL Extraction_ratio
A3 B0 b0 . NA 0 0 1 1 NA NA
B3 B0 b0 . NA 0 0 1 1 NA NA
G12 BE be . NA 0 0 1 1 NA NA
H12 BE be . NA 0 0 1 1 NA NA
A1 NSB nsb . . 0 0 1 1 NA NA
B1 NSB nsb . . 0 0 1 1 NA NA
[1] 82  8
Wells Raw X. Conc. Conc….Average. X.CV SD SEM
C3 0.171 14.0 4810 4617 5.90 273.0 193.0
D3 0.183 NA 4425 NA NA NA NA
E3 0.272 22.4 2594 2921 15.80 462.0 326.0
F3 0.232 NA 3247 NA NA NA NA
G3 0.435 44.3 1192 1133 7.39 83.8 59.2
H3 0.459 NA 1074 NA NA NA NA
Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion
Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion
Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion
Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion
Wells Sample Category Weight_mg Buffer_nl Spike SpikeVol_uL Dilution_sample Dilution_spike Vol_in_well.tube_uL Extraction_ratio Raw.OD Binding.Perc Conc_pg/ml Ave_Conc_pg/ml CV.Perc SD SEM
64 G11 TP3A P 12 220 1 25 1 1 50 1.351351 0.258 23.2 2800 2792 0.391 10.9 7.71
74 H11 TP3A P 12 220 1 25 1 1 50 1.351351 0.259 NA 2785 NA NA NA NA
4 A12 TP3B P 12 60 1 25 1 1 50 1.333333 0.195 15.5 4084 4210 4.230 178.0 126.00
15 B12 TP3B P 12 60 1 25 1 1 50 1.333333 0.186 NA 4336 NA NA NA NA
25 C12 TP3C P 12 60 1 25 1 1 50 1.333333 0.186 13.9 4336 4661 9.870 460.0 325.00
35 D12 TP3C P 12 60 1 25 1 1 50 1.333333 0.166 NA 4986 NA NA NA NA

Duplicates with high CV

Identify and flag samples with high coefficient of variation (duplicate measurements that are too different from each other)

Wells Sample Category Weight_mg Buffer_nl Spike SpikeVol_uL Dilution_sample Dilution_spike Vol_in_well.tube_uL Extraction_ratio Raw.OD Binding.Perc Conc_pg/ml Ave_Conc_pg/ml CV.Perc SD SEM CV_categ
A3 B0 b0 NA NA 0 0 1 1 NA NA 0.874 100.0 140.60 86.84 87.5 76.0 53.7 HIGH CV
G12 BE be NA NA 0 0 1 1 NA NA 0.553 70.8 717.50 462.90 77.8 360.0 255.0 HIGH CV
G4 TA7 A 50 250 0 0 64 1 50 1.351351 1.010 103.0 33.09 62.13 66.1 41.1 29.0 HIGH CV
E4 TA6 A 50 250 0 0 32 1 50 1.351351 0.856 84.2 158.90 226.00 42.0 95.0 67.2 HIGH CV
E6 TB7 B 50 250 1 25 64 64 250 1.333333 0.780 87.0 249.20 194.40 39.9 77.5 54.8 HIGH CV
E10 TP1B P 6 60 1 25 1 1 50 1.333333 0.254 18.1 2863.00 3820.00 35.4 1350.0 957.0 HIGH CV
C8 TC7 C 50 250 0 0 64 1 250 1.481481 0.939 96.4 83.16 107.50 32.0 34.4 24.3 HIGH CV
A8 TC6 C 50 250 0 0 32 1 250 1.481481 0.897 97.7 118.80 97.49 30.9 30.1 21.3 HIGH CV
G7 TC5 C 50 250 0 0 16 1 250 1.481481 0.842 92.0 173.80 144.50 28.7 41.5 29.3 HIGH CV
E3 TA2 A 50 250 0 0 2 1 50 1.351351 0.272 22.4 2594.00 2921.00 15.8 462.0 326.0 HIGH CV
High CV in a total of 10 duplicates
   Sample
1      B0
2      BE
3     TA7
4     TA6
5     TB7
6    TP1B
7     TC7
8     TC6
9     TC5
10    TA2

Samples outside the curve

Samples that have a binding percentage over 80 or 20 do not provide accurate results, and we consider them to be outside the curve.

Total samples outside the curve: 20
Wells Sample Category Weight_mg Buffer_nl Spike SpikeVol_uL Dilution_sample Dilution_spike Vol_in_well.tube_uL Extraction_ratio Raw.OD Binding.Perc Conc_pg/ml Ave_Conc_pg/ml CV.Perc SD SEM CV_categ Binding.Perc_categ
5 A3 B0 b0 NA NA 0 0 1 1 NA NA 0.874 100.0 140.60 86.84 87.500 76.000 53.70 HIGH CV ABOVE 80% binding
1 A1 NSB nsb NA NA 0 0 1 1 NA NA 0.052 0.0 15610.00 15610.00 0.000 0.000 0.00 NA UNDER 20% binding
26 C3 TA1 A 50 250 0 0 1 1 50 1.351351 0.171 14.0 4810.00 4617.00 5.900 273.000 193.00 NA UNDER 20% binding
47 E4 TA6 A 50 250 0 0 32 1 50 1.351351 0.856 84.2 158.90 226.00 42.000 95.000 67.20 HIGH CV ABOVE 80% binding
67 G4 TA7 A 50 250 0 0 64 1 50 1.351351 1.010 103.0 33.09 62.13 66.100 41.100 29.00 HIGH CV ABOVE 80% binding
7 A5 TB1 B 50 250 1 25 1 1 275 1.333333 0.161 12.3 5172.00 5134.00 1.040 53.500 37.80 NA UNDER 20% binding
29 C6 TB6 B 50 250 1 25 32 32 250 1.333333 0.830 88.2 187.30 178.90 6.590 11.800 8.34 NA ABOVE 80% binding
49 E6 TB7 B 50 250 1 25 64 64 250 1.333333 0.780 87.0 249.20 194.40 39.900 77.500 54.80 HIGH CV ABOVE 80% binding
70 G7 TC5 C 50 250 0 0 16 1 250 1.481481 0.842 92.0 173.80 144.50 28.700 41.500 29.30 HIGH CV ABOVE 80% binding
10 A8 TC6 C 50 250 0 0 32 1 250 1.481481 0.897 97.7 118.80 97.49 30.900 30.100 21.30 HIGH CV ABOVE 80% binding
31 C8 TC7 C 50 250 0 0 64 1 250 1.481481 0.939 96.4 83.16 107.50 32.000 34.400 24.30 HIGH CV ABOVE 80% binding
51 E8 TD1 D 20 110 1 110 1 1 220 1.333333 0.188 15.7 4278.00 4168.00 3.740 156.000 110.00 NA UNDER 20% binding
52 E9 TD5 D 20 110 1 110 16 16 220 1.333333 0.757 80.2 281.40 268.00 7.060 18.900 13.40 NA ABOVE 80% binding
72 G9 TD6 D 20 110 1 110 32 32 220 1.333333 0.939 99.7 83.16 81.99 2.030 1.660 1.17 NA ABOVE 80% binding
2 A10 TD7 D 20 110 1 110 64 64 220 1.333333 0.934 99.0 87.13 86.73 0.652 0.566 0.40 NA ABOVE 80% binding
43 E10 TP1B P 6 60 1 25 1 1 50 1.333333 0.254 18.1 2863.00 3820.00 35.400 1350.000 957.00 HIGH CV UNDER 20% binding
3 A11 TP2A P 9 60 1 25 1 1 50 1.333333 0.208 17.3 3757.00 3793.00 1.340 50.800 35.90 NA UNDER 20% binding
44 E11 TP2C P 9 60 1 25 1 1 50 1.333333 0.219 18.1 3510.00 3634.00 4.810 175.000 124.00 NA UNDER 20% binding
4 A12 TP3B P 12 60 1 25 1 1 50 1.333333 0.195 15.5 4084.00 4210.00 4.230 178.000 126.00 NA UNDER 20% binding
25 C12 TP3C P 12 60 1 25 1 1 50 1.333333 0.186 13.9 4336.00 4661.00 9.870 460.000 325.00 NA UNDER 20% binding

Total samples failed

Wells Sample Category Weight_mg Buffer_nl Spike SpikeVol_uL Dilution_sample Dilution_spike Vol_in_well.tube_uL Extraction_ratio Raw.OD Binding.Perc Conc_pg/ml Ave_Conc_pg/ml CV.Perc SD SEM CV_categ Binding.Perc_categ Failed_samples
64 G11 TP3A P 12 220 1 25 1 1 50 1.351351 0.258 23.2 2800 2792 0.391 10.9 7.71 NA NA NA
74 H11 TP3A P 12 220 1 25 1 1 50 1.351351 0.259 NA 2785 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
4 A12 TP3B P 12 60 1 25 1 1 50 1.333333 0.195 15.5 4084 4210 4.230 178.0 126.00 NA UNDER 20% binding UNDER 20% binding
15 B12 TP3B P 12 60 1 25 1 1 50 1.333333 0.186 NA 4336 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
25 C12 TP3C P 12 60 1 25 1 1 50 1.333333 0.186 13.9 4336 4661 9.870 460.0 325.00 NA UNDER 20% binding UNDER 20% binding
35 D12 TP3C P 12 60 1 25 1 1 50 1.333333 0.166 NA 4986 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Data set with low quality samples flagged: Data_QC_flagged.csv
[1] 22
Number of failed samples is 22
Number of good quality data points is 19
Good quality data is stored in Data_QC_filtered.csv file

sessionInfo()
R version 4.4.3 (2025-02-28)
Platform: aarch64-apple-darwin20
Running under: macOS Sequoia 15.4

Matrix products: default
BLAS:   /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.4-arm64/Resources/lib/libRblas.0.dylib 
LAPACK: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.4-arm64/Resources/lib/libRlapack.dylib;  LAPACK version 3.12.0

locale:
[1] en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/C/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8

time zone: America/Detroit
tzcode source: internal

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     

other attached packages:
[1] dplyr_1.1.4 knitr_1.49 

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
 [1] vctrs_0.6.5       cli_3.6.3         rlang_1.1.4       xfun_0.49        
 [5] stringi_1.8.4     generics_0.1.3    promises_1.3.0    jsonlite_1.8.9   
 [9] workflowr_1.7.1   glue_1.8.0        rprojroot_2.0.4   git2r_0.35.0     
[13] htmltools_0.5.8.1 httpuv_1.6.15     sass_0.4.9        fansi_1.0.6      
[17] rmarkdown_2.29    jquerylib_0.1.4   evaluate_1.0.1    tibble_3.2.1     
[21] fastmap_1.2.0     yaml_2.3.10       lifecycle_1.0.4   whisker_0.4.1    
[25] stringr_1.5.1     compiler_4.4.3    fs_1.6.5          Rcpp_1.0.13-1    
[29] pkgconfig_2.0.3   rstudioapi_0.17.1 later_1.3.2       digest_0.6.37    
[33] R6_2.5.1          tidyselect_1.2.1  utf8_1.2.4        pillar_1.9.0     
[37] magrittr_2.0.3    bslib_0.8.0       tools_4.4.3       cachem_1.1.0