Used libraries

library(tidyverse)
## ── Attaching core tidyverse packages ──────────────────────── tidyverse 2.0.0 ──
## ✔ dplyr     1.1.3     ✔ readr     2.1.4
## ✔ forcats   1.0.0     ✔ stringr   1.5.0
## ✔ ggplot2   3.4.4     ✔ tibble    3.2.1
## ✔ lubridate 1.9.3     ✔ tidyr     1.3.0
## ✔ purrr     1.0.2     
## ── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## ✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## ✖ dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()
## ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errors
library(kableExtra)
## 
## Attaching package: 'kableExtra'
## 
## The following object is masked from 'package:dplyr':
## 
##     group_rows

Import data

trends <- read.csv("fitness trends 2023.csv")

trends %>% 
  kable() %>%
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options= c("striped", "hover")) %>%
  scroll_box(width="100%", height= "500px")
Year Rank_1 Rank_2 Rank_3 Rank_4 Rank_5 Rank_6 Rank_7 Rank_8 Rank_9 Rank_10
2007 Children and obesity Special fitness programs for older adults Educated and experienced fitness professionals Functional fitness Core training Strength training Personal training Mind/Body exercise Exercise and weight loss Outcome measurements
2008 Educated and experienced fitness professionals Children and obesity Personal training Strength training Core training Special fitness programs for older adults Pilates Functional fitness Stability ball Yoga
2009 Educated and experienced fitness professionals Children and obesity Personal training Strength training Core training Special fitness programs for older adults Pilates Stability ball Sport-specific training Balance training
2010 Educated and experienced fitness professionals Strength training Children and obesity Personal training Core training Special fitness programs for older adults Functional fitness Sport-specific training Pilates Group personal training
2011 Educated and Experienced Fitness Professionals Fitness Programs for Older Adults Strength Training Children and Obesity Personal Training Core Training Exercise and Weight Loss Boot Camp Functional Fitness Physician Referrals
2012 Educated, Certified and Experienced Fitness Professionals Strength Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Exercise and Weight Loss Children and Obesity Personal Training Core Training Group Personal Training ZUMBA and other dance workouts Functional Fitness
2013 Educated, Certified and Experienced Fitness Professionals Strength Training Body Weight Training Children and Obesity Exercise and Weight Loss Fitness Programs for Older Adults Personal Training Functional Fitness Core Training Group Personal Training
2014 High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Body Weight Training Educated, Certified and Experienced Fitness Professionals Strength Training Exercise and Weight Loss Personal Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Functional Fitness Group Personal Training Yoga
2015 Body Weight Training High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Educated, Certified and Experienced Fitness Professionals Strength Training Personal Training Exercise and Weight Loss Yoga Fitness Programs for Older Adults Functional Fitness Group Personal Training
2016 Wearable Technology Body Weight Training High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Strength Training Educated, Certified and Experienced Fitness Professionals Personal Training Functional Fitness Fitness Programs for Older Adults Exercise and Weight Loss Yoga
2017 Wearable technology Body weight training High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Educated, Certified and Experienced Fitness Professionals Strength Training Group Training Exercise is Medicine Yoga Personal Training Exercise and Weight Loss
2018 High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Group Training Wearable technology Body weight training Strength Training Educated, Certified and Experienced Fitness Professionals Yoga Personal Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Functional Fitness
2019 Wearable Technology Group Training High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Fitness Programs for Older Adults Body Weight Training Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Yoga Personal Training Functional Fitness Training Exercise is Medicine
2020 Wearable Technology High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Group Training Training with Free Weights Personal Training Exercise is Medicine (EIM) Body Weight Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Health/ Wellness Coaching Employing Certified Fitness Professionals
2021 Online Training Wearable Technology Body Weight Training Outdoor Activities High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Virtual Training Exercise is Medicine Strength Training with Free Weights Fitness Programs for Older Adults Personal Training
2022 Wearable Technology Home Exercise Gyms Outdoor Activities Strength Training with Free Weights Exercise for Weight Loss Personal Training High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Body Weight Training Online Live and On-Demand Exercise Classes Health/Wellness Coaching
2023 Wearable Technology Strength training with free weights Body weight training Fitness programs for older adults Functional fitness training Outdoor activities High intensity interval training (HIIT) Exercise for weight loss Employing certified fitness professionals Personal training

Explore data

str(trends)
## 'data.frame':    17 obs. of  11 variables:
##  $ Year   : int  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 ...
##  $ Rank_1 : chr  "Children and obesity" "Educated and experienced fitness professionals" "Educated and experienced fitness professionals" "Educated and experienced fitness professionals" ...
##  $ Rank_2 : chr  "Special fitness programs for older adults" "Children and obesity" "Children and obesity" "Strength training" ...
##  $ Rank_3 : chr  "Educated and experienced fitness professionals" "Personal training" "Personal training" "Children and obesity" ...
##  $ Rank_4 : chr  "Functional fitness" "Strength training" "Strength training" "Personal training" ...
##  $ Rank_5 : chr  "Core training" "Core training" "Core training" "Core training" ...
##  $ Rank_6 : chr  "Strength training" "Special fitness programs for older adults" "Special fitness programs for older adults" "Special fitness programs for older adults" ...
##  $ Rank_7 : chr  "Personal training" "Pilates" "Pilates" "Functional fitness" ...
##  $ Rank_8 : chr  "Mind/Body exercise" "Functional fitness" "Stability ball" "Sport-specific training" ...
##  $ Rank_9 : chr  "Exercise and weight loss" "Stability ball" "Sport-specific training" "Pilates" ...
##  $ Rank_10: chr  "Outcome measurements" "Yoga" "Balance training" "Group personal training" ...

Clean data

Pascal case

Year <-c(2007:2023)
df <- data.frame(Year)

for (x in 0:9){
  x <- x+1
  y <- paste("Rank_", x, sep="")
  
  df[[y]] <- c(tools::toTitleCase(tolower(trends[[y]])))
}

df %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options=c("striped", "hover")) %>%
  scroll_box(width="100%", height="500px")
Year Rank_1 Rank_2 Rank_3 Rank_4 Rank_5 Rank_6 Rank_7 Rank_8 Rank_9 Rank_10
2007 Children and Obesity Special Fitness Programs for Older Adults Educated and Experienced Fitness Professionals Functional Fitness Core Training Strength Training Personal Training Mind/Body Exercise Exercise and Weight Loss Outcome Measurements
2008 Educated and Experienced Fitness Professionals Children and Obesity Personal Training Strength Training Core Training Special Fitness Programs for Older Adults Pilates Functional Fitness Stability Ball Yoga
2009 Educated and Experienced Fitness Professionals Children and Obesity Personal Training Strength Training Core Training Special Fitness Programs for Older Adults Pilates Stability Ball Sport-Specific Training Balance Training
2010 Educated and Experienced Fitness Professionals Strength Training Children and Obesity Personal Training Core Training Special Fitness Programs for Older Adults Functional Fitness Sport-Specific Training Pilates Group Personal Training
2011 Educated and Experienced Fitness Professionals Fitness Programs for Older Adults Strength Training Children and Obesity Personal Training Core Training Exercise and Weight Loss Boot Camp Functional Fitness Physician Referrals
2012 Educated, Certified and Experienced Fitness Professionals Strength Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Exercise and Weight Loss Children and Obesity Personal Training Core Training Group Personal Training Zumba and Other Dance Workouts Functional Fitness
2013 Educated, Certified and Experienced Fitness Professionals Strength Training Body Weight Training Children and Obesity Exercise and Weight Loss Fitness Programs for Older Adults Personal Training Functional Fitness Core Training Group Personal Training
2014 High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Body Weight Training Educated, Certified and Experienced Fitness Professionals Strength Training Exercise and Weight Loss Personal Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Functional Fitness Group Personal Training Yoga
2015 Body Weight Training High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Educated, Certified and Experienced Fitness Professionals Strength Training Personal Training Exercise and Weight Loss Yoga Fitness Programs for Older Adults Functional Fitness Group Personal Training
2016 Wearable Technology Body Weight Training High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Strength Training Educated, Certified and Experienced Fitness Professionals Personal Training Functional Fitness Fitness Programs for Older Adults Exercise and Weight Loss Yoga
2017 Wearable Technology Body Weight Training High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Educated, Certified and Experienced Fitness Professionals Strength Training Group Training Exercise is Medicine Yoga Personal Training Exercise and Weight Loss
2018 High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Group Training Wearable Technology Body Weight Training Strength Training Educated, Certified and Experienced Fitness Professionals Yoga Personal Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Functional Fitness
2019 Wearable Technology Group Training High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Fitness Programs for Older Adults Body Weight Training Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Yoga Personal Training Functional Fitness Training Exercise is Medicine
2020 Wearable Technology High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Group Training Training with Free Weights Personal Training Exercise is Medicine (Eim) Body Weight Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Health/ Wellness Coaching Employing Certified Fitness Professionals
2021 Online Training Wearable Technology Body Weight Training Outdoor Activities High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Virtual Training Exercise is Medicine Strength Training with Free Weights Fitness Programs for Older Adults Personal Training
2022 Wearable Technology Home Exercise Gyms Outdoor Activities Strength Training with Free Weights Exercise for Weight Loss Personal Training High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Body Weight Training Online Live and on-Demand Exercise Classes Health/Wellness Coaching
2023 Wearable Technology Strength Training with Free Weights Body Weight Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Functional Fitness Training Outdoor Activities High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Exercise for Weight Loss Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Personal Training

Unified naming

df[] <- lapply(df, function(x) {gsub(".*Fitness Professional.*", "Employing Certified Fitness Professionals", x)})
df[] <- lapply(df, function(x) {gsub(".*Fitness Programs for Older Adults", "Fitness Programs for Older Adults", x)})
df[] <- lapply(df, function(x) {gsub("Exercise and Weight Loss", "Exercise for Weight Loss", x)})
df[] <- lapply(df, function(x) {gsub("Exercise is Medicine.*", "Exercise is Medicine", x)})
df[] <- lapply(df, function(x) {gsub("Functional Fitness.*", "Functional Fitness Training", x)})

df[] <- lapply(df, function(x) {gsub("Group Personal Training", "Group Training", x)})
df[] <- lapply(df, function(x) {gsub("Health/ Wellness Coaching", "Health/Wellness Coaching", x)})
df[] <- lapply(df, function(x) {gsub("Online Training", "Online Live and on-Demand Exercise Classes", x)})
df[] <- lapply(df, function(x) {gsub(".*Training with Free Weights", "Strength Training with Free Weights", x)})

df %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options=c("striped", "hover")) %>%
  scroll_box(width="100%", height="500px")
Year Rank_1 Rank_2 Rank_3 Rank_4 Rank_5 Rank_6 Rank_7 Rank_8 Rank_9 Rank_10
2007 Children and Obesity Fitness Programs for Older Adults Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Functional Fitness Training Core Training Strength Training Personal Training Mind/Body Exercise Exercise for Weight Loss Outcome Measurements
2008 Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Children and Obesity Personal Training Strength Training Core Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Pilates Functional Fitness Training Stability Ball Yoga
2009 Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Children and Obesity Personal Training Strength Training Core Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Pilates Stability Ball Sport-Specific Training Balance Training
2010 Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Strength Training Children and Obesity Personal Training Core Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Functional Fitness Training Sport-Specific Training Pilates Group Training
2011 Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Fitness Programs for Older Adults Strength Training Children and Obesity Personal Training Core Training Exercise for Weight Loss Boot Camp Functional Fitness Training Physician Referrals
2012 Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Strength Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Exercise for Weight Loss Children and Obesity Personal Training Core Training Group Training Zumba and Other Dance Workouts Functional Fitness Training
2013 Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Strength Training Body Weight Training Children and Obesity Exercise for Weight Loss Fitness Programs for Older Adults Personal Training Functional Fitness Training Core Training Group Training
2014 High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Body Weight Training Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Strength Training Exercise for Weight Loss Personal Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Functional Fitness Training Group Training Yoga
2015 Body Weight Training High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Strength Training Personal Training Exercise for Weight Loss Yoga Fitness Programs for Older Adults Functional Fitness Training Group Training
2016 Wearable Technology Body Weight Training High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Strength Training Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Personal Training Functional Fitness Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Exercise for Weight Loss Yoga
2017 Wearable Technology Body Weight Training High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Strength Training Group Training Exercise is Medicine Yoga Personal Training Exercise for Weight Loss
2018 High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Group Training Wearable Technology Body Weight Training Strength Training Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Yoga Personal Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Functional Fitness Training
2019 Wearable Technology Group Training High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Fitness Programs for Older Adults Body Weight Training Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Yoga Personal Training Functional Fitness Training Exercise is Medicine
2020 Wearable Technology High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Group Training Strength Training with Free Weights Personal Training Exercise is Medicine Body Weight Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Health/Wellness Coaching Employing Certified Fitness Professionals
2021 Online Live and on-Demand Exercise Classes Wearable Technology Body Weight Training Outdoor Activities High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Virtual Training Exercise is Medicine Strength Training with Free Weights Fitness Programs for Older Adults Personal Training
2022 Wearable Technology Home Exercise Gyms Outdoor Activities Strength Training with Free Weights Exercise for Weight Loss Personal Training High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Body Weight Training Online Live and on-Demand Exercise Classes Health/Wellness Coaching
2023 Wearable Technology Strength Training with Free Weights Body Weight Training Fitness Programs for Older Adults Functional Fitness Training Outdoor Activities High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Exercise for Weight Loss Employing Certified Fitness Professionals Personal Training

Save cleaned data as a .csv

write_csv(df, "fitness trends 2023 (cleaned).csv")

---

References:

(Thompson 2023)

Thompson, Walter R. 2023. “Worldwide Survey of Fitness Trends for 2023.” ACSM’S Health & Fitness Journal 27 (1): 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1249/fit.0000000000000834.