Last updated: 2020-10-18
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options(scipen=10000)
library(tidyverse)
library(flair)
library(nycflights13)
library(palmerpenguins)
library(gt)
library(skimr)
library(emo)
library(tidyquant)
library(lubridate)
library(magrittr)
theme_set(theme_tq())Inline csv file
read_csv("a,b,c
1,2,3
4,5,6")# A tibble: 2 x 3
a b c
<dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 1 2 3
2 4 5 6Skip some columns
read_csv("The first line of metadata
The second line of metadata
x,y,z
1,2,3", skip = 2)# A tibble: 1 x 3
x y z
<dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 1 2 3read_csv("# A comment I want to skip
x,y,z
1,2,3", comment = "#")# A tibble: 1 x 3
x y z
<dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 1 2 3No column names in data
read_csv("1,2,3\n4,5,6", # \n adds a new line
col_names = FALSE) # cols will be labelled seq from X1 .. Xn# A tibble: 2 x 3
X1 X2 X3
<dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 1 2 3
2 4 5 6read_csv("1,2,3\n4,5,6",
col_names = c("x", "y", "z")) # cols named as you provided here# A tibble: 2 x 3
x y z
<dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 1 2 3
2 4 5 6NA values
read_csv("a,b,c,d\nnull,1,2,.",
na = c(".",
"null"))# A tibble: 1 x 4
a b c d
<lgl> <dbl> <dbl> <lgl>
1 NA 1 2 NA # here we specify that the . and null
# must be considered to be missing valuesWhat function would you use to read a file where fields were separated with
“|”?
read_delim()
# from the ?read_delim help page
read_delim("a|b\n1.0|2.0", delim = "|")# A tibble: 1 x 2
a b
<dbl> <dbl>
1 1 2Apart from file, skip, and comment, what other arguments do read_csv() and read_tsv() have in common?
All columns are common across the functions.
What are the most important arguments to read_fwf()?
Sometimes strings in a CSV file contain commas. To prevent them from causing problems they need to be surrounded by a quoting character, like " or '. By default, read_csv() assumes that the quoting character will be ". What argument to read_csv() do you need to specify to read the following text into a data frame?
"x,y\n1,'a,b'"Specify the quote argument.
read_csv("x,y\n1,'a,b'", quote = "'")# A tibble: 1 x 2
x y
<dbl> <chr>
1 1 a,b Identify what is wrong with each of the following inline CSV files. What happens when you run the code?
read_csv("a,b\n1,2,3\n4,5,6") # only 2 cols specified but
read_csv("a,b,c\n1,2\n1,2,3,4")
read_csv("a,b\n\"1")
read_csv("a,b\n1,2\na,b")
read_csv("a;b\n1;3")read_csv(“a,b1,2,34,5,6”)
only 2 cols specified but 3 values provided
read_csv(“a,b,c1,21,2,3,4”)
3 col names provided, but either too few, or too many column values provided
read_csv(“a,b"1”)
2 col names provided, but only one value provided.
closing " missing
read_csv(“a,b1,2,b”) Nothing syntactically a problem, but the rows are filled
with the column headings?
read_csv(“a;b1;3”) the read_csv2 which reads ; as delimiters should have been used
They all run, but most have warnings, and some are not imported as expected.
read_csv("a,b\n1,2,3\n4,5,6") # only 2 cols specified but Warning: 2 parsing failures.
row col expected actual file
1 -- 2 columns 3 columns literal data
2 -- 2 columns 3 columns literal data# A tibble: 2 x 2
a b
<dbl> <dbl>
1 1 2
2 4 5read_csv("a,b,c\n1,2\n1,2,3,4")Warning: 2 parsing failures.
row col expected actual file
1 -- 3 columns 2 columns literal data
2 -- 3 columns 4 columns literal data# A tibble: 2 x 3
a b c
<dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 1 2 NA
2 1 2 3read_csv("a,b\n\"1")Warning: 2 parsing failures.
row col expected actual file
1 a closing quote at end of file literal data
1 -- 2 columns 1 columns literal data# A tibble: 1 x 2
a b
<dbl> <chr>
1 1 <NA> read_csv("a,b\n1,2\na,b")# A tibble: 2 x 2
a b
<chr> <chr>
1 1 2
2 a b read_csv("a;b\n1;3")# A tibble: 1 x 1
`a;b`
<chr>
1 1;3
sessionInfo()R version 3.6.3 (2020-02-29)
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
Running under: Windows 10 x64 (build 18363)
Matrix products: default
locale:
[1] LC_COLLATE=English_South Africa.1252 LC_CTYPE=English_South Africa.1252
[3] LC_MONETARY=English_South Africa.1252 LC_NUMERIC=C
[5] LC_TIME=English_South Africa.1252
attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
other attached packages:
[1] magrittr_1.5 tidyquant_1.0.0
[3] quantmod_0.4.17 TTR_0.23-6
[5] PerformanceAnalytics_2.0.4 xts_0.12-0
[7] zoo_1.8-7 lubridate_1.7.8
[9] emo_0.0.0.9000 skimr_2.1.1
[11] gt_0.2.2 palmerpenguins_0.1.0
[13] nycflights13_1.0.1 flair_0.0.2
[15] forcats_0.5.0 stringr_1.4.0
[17] dplyr_1.0.0 purrr_0.3.4
[19] readr_1.3.1 tidyr_1.1.0
[21] tibble_3.0.3 ggplot2_3.3.0
[23] tidyverse_1.3.0 workflowr_1.6.2
loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] httr_1.4.2 jsonlite_1.7.0 modelr_0.1.6 assertthat_0.2.1
[5] cellranger_1.1.0 yaml_2.2.1 pillar_1.4.6 backports_1.1.6
[9] lattice_0.20-38 glue_1.4.1 quadprog_1.5-8 digest_0.6.25
[13] promises_1.1.0 rvest_0.3.5 colorspace_1.4-1 htmltools_0.5.0
[17] httpuv_1.5.2 pkgconfig_2.0.3 broom_0.5.6 haven_2.2.0
[21] scales_1.1.0 whisker_0.4 later_1.0.0 git2r_0.26.1
[25] generics_0.0.2 ellipsis_0.3.1 withr_2.2.0 repr_1.1.0
[29] cli_2.0.2 crayon_1.3.4 readxl_1.3.1 evaluate_0.14
[33] fs_1.4.1 fansi_0.4.1 nlme_3.1-144 xml2_1.3.2
[37] tools_3.6.3 hms_0.5.3 lifecycle_0.2.0 munsell_0.5.0
[41] reprex_0.3.0 compiler_3.6.3 rlang_0.4.7 grid_3.6.3
[45] rstudioapi_0.11 base64enc_0.1-3 rmarkdown_2.4 gtable_0.3.0
[49] DBI_1.1.0 curl_4.3 R6_2.4.1 knitr_1.28
[53] utf8_1.1.4 rprojroot_1.3-2 Quandl_2.10.0 stringi_1.4.6
[57] Rcpp_1.0.4.6 vctrs_0.3.2 dbplyr_1.4.3 tidyselect_1.1.0
[61] xfun_0.13