CODIS database racial composition by U.S. state
2024-04-28
Last updated: 2024-05-27
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Knit directory: PODFRIDGE/
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# load necessary libraries
library(readr)
library(tidycensus)
library(tidyverse)
library(ggplot2)
library(viridis)
library(knitr)
# load prison data
prison_data = read.csv("./data/populations_states.csv")
# load CODIS data
codis_data = read.csv("./data/CODIS_data.csv")
# only get data from 2022
prison_data$year = substring(prison_data$date,1,4)
prison_data_2022 = prison_data[which(prison_data$year == "2022"),]
prison_data_2022 = prison_data_2022[!duplicated(prison_data_2022[,c('state')]),]Loading census data for each state:
P003001 is the total population and P003003 is the total Black population
us_state_density <- get_decennial(
geography = "state",
variables = c(all = "P1_002N",white = "P1_003N",black = "P1_004N"),
year = 2020,
geometry = TRUE,
keep_geo_vars = TRUE
)
us_state_density = spread(us_state_density, variable, value)
us_state_density$pb = us_state_density$black / us_state_density$all
us_state_density$pw = us_state_density$white / us_state_density$all
us_state_density$state = us_state_density$NAME.x
us_state_density = merge(us_state_density, prison_data_2022, by = "state")
us_state_density$pb_carc = us_state_density$incarcerated_black / us_state_density$incarcerated_total
us_state_density$pw_carc = us_state_density$incarcerated_white / us_state_density$incarcerated_total
us_state_density = merge(us_state_density, codis_data, by = "state")
us_state_density$black_profiles = us_state_density$pb_carc * us_state_density$arrestee_profiles
us_state_density$white_profiles = us_state_density$pw_carc * us_state_density$arrestee_profiles
us_state_density = us_state_density %>%
tigris::shift_geometry()Percent of prison population that is Black
ggplot() +
geom_sf(data = us_state_density, aes(fill = us_state_density$pb_carc),color = NA) +
theme_void(base_size = 11) +
scale_fill_viridis(option = "magma", direction = -1)+
labs(fill = "") +
geom_sf(data = us_state_density$geometry, color = "black",lwd = 0.1,alpha = 0) 
Difference between percent of prison population that is Black and percent of general population that is Black
ggplot() +
geom_sf(data = us_state_density, aes(fill = us_state_density$pb_carc - us_state_density$pb),color = NA) +
theme_void(base_size = 11) +
scale_fill_viridis(option = "magma", direction = -1)+
labs(fill = "") +
geom_sf(data = us_state_density$geometry, color = "black",lwd = 0.1,alpha = 0) 
Number of people in CODIS databse per state
ggplot() +
geom_sf(data = us_state_density, aes(fill = us_state_density$offender_profiles),color = NA) +
theme_void(base_size = 11) +
scale_fill_viridis(option = "magma", direction = -1)+
labs(fill = "") +
geom_sf(data = us_state_density$geometry, color = "black",lwd = 0.1,alpha = 0) 
Number of Black people in CODIS databse per state
ggplot() +
geom_sf(data = us_state_density, aes(fill = us_state_density$black_profiles),color = NA) +
theme_void(base_size = 11) +
scale_fill_viridis(option = "magma", direction = -1)+
labs(fill = "") +
geom_sf(data = us_state_density$geometry, color = "black",lwd = 0.1,alpha = 0) 
Probability of being in CODIS by race and state
| State | P(Black individual in CODIS) | P(white individual in CODIS) |
|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 0.0415 | 0.0144 |
| Arizona | 0.0305 | 0.0062 |
| Arkansas | 0.0696 | 0.021 |
| California | 0.1281 | 0.0123 |
| Colorado | 0.2717 | 0.0372 |
| Connecticut | 0 | 0 |
| Delaware | 0 | 0 |
| District of Columbia | 0 | 0 |
| Florida | 0.0928 | 0.02 |
| Georgia | 0 | 0 |
| Idaho | 0 | 0 |
| Illinois | 3e-04 | 0 |
| Indiana | 0.0685 | 0.0166 |
| Iowa | 0 | 0 |
| Kansas | 0.234 | 0.043 |
| Kentucky | 0 | 0 |
| Louisiana | 0.2274 | 0.0649 |
| Maine | 0 | 0 |
| Maryland | 0.0224 | 0.0043 |
| Massachusetts | 0 | 0 |
| Michigan | NA | 0.0117 |
| Minnesota | 0 | 0 |
| Mississippi | 0.0047 | 0.0019 |
| Missouri | 0.0337 | 0.0095 |
| Montana | 0 | 0 |
| Nebraska | 0 | 0 |
| Nevada | 0.1594 | 0.0401 |
| New Hampshire | 0 | 0 |
| New Jersey | 0.0127 | 0.0011 |
| New Mexico | 0.1285 | 0.0528 |
| New York | 0 | 0 |
| North Carolina | 0.0168 | 0.0045 |
| North Dakota | 0.1537 | 0.032 |
| Ohio | 0.1162 | 0.0221 |
| Oklahoma | 0.0124 | 0.0026 |
| Oregon | 0 | 0 |
| Pennsylvania | 0 | 0 |
| Rhode Island | 0.0037 | 2e-04 |
| South Carolina | 0.0346 | 0.0087 |
| South Dakota | 0.2681 | 0.0438 |
| Tennessee | 0.0608 | 0.0178 |
| Texas | 0.0178 | 0.0045 |
| Utah | 0.0128 | 0.0016 |
| Vermont | 0.019 | 0.0027 |
| Virginia | 0.0014 | 3e-04 |
| Washington | 0 | 0 |
| West Virginia | 0 | 0 |
| Wisconsin | 0.0303 | 0.0031 |
| Wyoming | 0 | 0 |
| Alaska | 0.2379 | 0.0488 |
| Hawaii | 0 | 0 |
sessionInfo()R version 4.3.1 (2023-06-16)
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
Running under: Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS
Matrix products: default
BLAS: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas-pthread/libblas.so.3
LAPACK: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas-pthread/libopenblasp-r0.3.20.so; LAPACK version 3.10.0
locale:
[1] LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC=C
[3] LC_TIME=en_US.UTF-8 LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8
[5] LC_MONETARY=en_US.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8
[7] LC_PAPER=en_US.UTF-8 LC_NAME=C
[9] LC_ADDRESS=C LC_TELEPHONE=C
[11] LC_MEASUREMENT=en_US.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C
time zone: America/New_York
tzcode source: system (glibc)
attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
other attached packages:
[1] knitr_1.46 viridis_0.6.4 viridisLite_0.4.2 lubridate_1.9.2
[5] forcats_1.0.0 stringr_1.5.0 dplyr_1.1.2 purrr_1.0.2
[9] tidyr_1.3.0 tibble_3.2.1 ggplot2_3.5.0 tidyverse_2.0.0
[13] tidycensus_1.4.4 readr_2.1.4 workflowr_1.7.1
loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] gtable_0.3.3 xfun_0.44 bslib_0.5.1 tigris_2.0.3
[5] processx_3.8.4 callr_3.7.3 tzdb_0.4.0 vctrs_0.6.5
[9] tools_4.3.1 ps_1.7.6 generics_0.1.3 curl_5.0.2
[13] proxy_0.4-27 fansi_1.0.6 highr_0.10 pkgconfig_2.0.3
[17] KernSmooth_2.23-22 uuid_1.1-1 lifecycle_1.0.4 farver_2.1.1
[21] compiler_4.3.1 git2r_0.33.0 munsell_0.5.0 getPass_0.2-4
[25] httpuv_1.6.11 htmltools_0.5.6 class_7.3-22 sass_0.4.7
[29] yaml_2.3.7 later_1.3.1 pillar_1.9.0 crayon_1.5.2
[33] jquerylib_0.1.4 whisker_0.4.1 classInt_0.4-9 cachem_1.0.8
[37] tidyselect_1.2.0 rvest_1.0.3 digest_0.6.33 stringi_1.7.12
[41] sf_1.0-14 labeling_0.4.2 rprojroot_2.0.3 fastmap_1.1.1
[45] grid_4.3.1 colorspace_2.1-0 cli_3.6.2 magrittr_2.0.3
[49] utf8_1.2.4 e1071_1.7-13 withr_3.0.0 scales_1.3.0
[53] promises_1.2.1 rappdirs_0.3.3 timechange_0.2.0 rmarkdown_2.25
[57] httr_1.4.7 gridExtra_2.3 hms_1.1.3 evaluate_0.21
[61] rlang_1.1.3 Rcpp_1.0.11 glue_1.7.0 DBI_1.1.3
[65] xml2_1.3.5 rstudioapi_0.15.0 jsonlite_1.8.8 R6_2.5.1
[69] fs_1.6.3 units_0.8-3