Last updated: 2022-01-19
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Knit directory: HairManikin_manuscript/
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Here we calculate solar influx and the temperature corrected heat loss for each experiment.
Solar influx (difference between heat loss with radiation on and off) is calculated as:
\[Solar\ influx \ (W/m^2) = heatflux_{(radiation)}- heatflux_{(no \ radiation)}\]
# A tibble: 59 × 7
wig wind wet_dry trial on off influx
<fct> <dbl> <fct> <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 Nude 0.3 wet 1 90.9 153. 61.9
2 Nude 0.3 wet 2 86.7 151. 64.7
3 Nude 1 wet 1 227. 254. 27.2
4 Nude 2.5 wet 1 276. 288. 11.8
5 Nude 2.5 wet 2 272. 289. 17.1
6 LowCurv 0.3 wet 1 30 71.1 41.1
7 LowCurv 0.3 wet 2 27.6 63.8 36.2
8 LowCurv 1 wet 1 73.3 103. 29.8
9 LowCurv 1 wet 2 80.9 103. 21.9
10 LowCurv 2.5 wet 1 138. 149. 11.9
# … with 49 more rows
Here we plot the solar influx.
Version | Author | Date |
---|---|---|
bb99f1d | Tina Lasisi | 2022-01-08 |
A plot of solar influx shows an outlier in the wet experiments where the heat loss with solar radiation was somehow less than the heat loss without solar radiation. We will exclude this outlier.
For the dry heat loss experiments (measuring dry heat resistance), we had to run some experiments at different temperatures to create a large enough gradient between skin/surface temperature and ambient temperature. The manikin is only able to produce results by measuring heat loss, and at 0.3 m/s wind speed, we found that the straight hair and nude (no hair) conditions led to overheating of the manikin. Subsequently, we had to adjust the temperatures to create a temperature gradient.
We thus need to bring all the measurements of heat loss to the same temperature. As heat resistance is temperature independent, we can use this to calculate the expected heat loss at various temperatures. We estimate heat loss at 30C with the following calculation.
\[Heat\ loss (W/m^2)_{(30C\ no\ radiation)} = 5/heat\ resistance_{(no \ radiation)} \]
# A tibble: 36 × 5
wig wind wet_dry resistance trial
<fct> <dbl> <fct> <dbl> <fct>
1 Nude 0.3 dry 0.113 1
2 Nude 0.3 dry 0.112 2
3 Nude 0.3 dry 0.112 3
4 Nude 1 dry 0.099 1
5 Nude 1 dry 0.101 2
6 Nude 1 dry 0.101 3
7 Nude 2.5 dry 0.058 1
8 Nude 2.5 dry 0.056 2
9 Nude 2.5 dry 0.058 3
10 LowCurv 0.3 dry 0.42 1
# … with 26 more rows
# A tibble: 36 × 7
wig wind wet_dry trial influx resistance off
<fct> <dbl> <fct> <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 Nude 0.3 dry 1 175. 0.113 44.2
2 Nude 0.3 dry 2 168. 0.112 44.6
3 Nude 0.3 dry 3 176. 0.112 44.6
4 Nude 1 dry 1 176 0.099 50.5
5 Nude 1 dry 2 162. 0.101 49.5
6 Nude 1 dry 3 171. 0.101 49.5
7 Nude 2.5 dry 1 153. 0.058 86.2
8 Nude 2.5 dry 2 169. 0.056 89.3
9 Nude 2.5 dry 3 158. 0.058 86.2
10 LowCurv 0.3 dry 1 62.6 0.42 11.9
# … with 26 more rows
To calculate the heat loss at 30C with radiation, we subtract the solar influx from the temperature corrected heat loss:
\[Heat\ loss (W/m^2)_{(30C\ with\ radiation)} = Heat\ loss (W/m^2)_{(30C\ no\ radiation)}- solar\ influx(W/m^2) \]
# A tibble: 36 × 5
wig wind wet_dry resistance trial
<fct> <dbl> <fct> <dbl> <fct>
1 Nude 0.3 dry 0.237 1
2 Nude 0.3 dry 0.224 2
3 Nude 0.3 dry 0.234 3
4 Nude 1 dry 0.324 1
5 Nude 1 dry 0.292 2
6 Nude 1 dry 0.318 3
7 Nude 2.5 dry 0.088 1
8 Nude 2.5 dry 0.089 2
9 Nude 2.5 dry 0.091 3
10 LowCurv 0.3 dry 1.46 1
# … with 26 more rows
# A tibble: 36 × 7
wig wind wet_dry trial influx off on
<fct> <dbl> <fct> <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 Nude 0.3 dry 1 175. 44.2 -131.
2 Nude 0.3 dry 2 168. 44.6 -124.
3 Nude 0.3 dry 3 176. 44.6 -131.
4 Nude 1 dry 1 176 50.5 -125.
5 Nude 1 dry 2 162. 49.5 -113.
6 Nude 1 dry 3 171. 49.5 -122.
7 Nude 2.5 dry 1 153. 86.2 -66.7
8 Nude 2.5 dry 2 169. 89.3 -79.9
9 Nude 2.5 dry 3 158. 86.2 -72.2
10 LowCurv 0.3 dry 1 62.6 11.9 -50.7
# … with 26 more rows
# A tibble: 94 × 7
wig wind wet_dry trial influx off on
<fct> <dbl> <fct> <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 Nude 0.3 dry 1 175. 44.2 -131.
2 Nude 0.3 dry 2 168. 44.6 -124.
3 Nude 0.3 dry 3 176. 44.6 -131.
4 Nude 1 dry 1 176 50.5 -125.
5 Nude 1 dry 2 162. 49.5 -113.
6 Nude 1 dry 3 171. 49.5 -122.
7 Nude 2.5 dry 1 153. 86.2 -66.7
8 Nude 2.5 dry 2 169. 89.3 -79.9
9 Nude 2.5 dry 3 158. 86.2 -72.2
10 LowCurv 0.3 dry 1 62.6 11.9 -50.7
# … with 84 more rows
# A tibble: 282 × 6
wig wind wet_dry trial var heatloss
<fct> <dbl> <fct> <fct> <chr> <dbl>
1 Nude 0.3 dry 1 influx 175.
2 Nude 0.3 dry 1 off 44.2
3 Nude 0.3 dry 1 on -131.
4 Nude 0.3 dry 2 influx 168.
5 Nude 0.3 dry 2 off 44.6
6 Nude 0.3 dry 2 on -124.
7 Nude 0.3 dry 3 influx 176.
8 Nude 0.3 dry 3 off 44.6
9 Nude 0.3 dry 3 on -131.
10 Nude 1 dry 1 influx 176
# … with 272 more rows
Here, we model the effect of the wig
variable on influx
while correcting for wind
.
Here, we repeat the same model for the wet data.
Here, we model the effect of the wig
variable on the off
(heat loss without radiation) variable while correcting for wind
.
Here, we model the effect of the wig
variable on the off
(heat loss without radiation) variable while correcting for wind
.
R version 4.1.2 (2021-11-01)
Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin17.0 (64-bit)
Running under: macOS Big Sur 10.16
Matrix products: default
BLAS: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.1/Resources/lib/libRblas.0.dylib
LAPACK: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.1/Resources/lib/libRlapack.dylib
locale:
[1] en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/C/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8
attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
other attached packages:
[1] ggstatsplot_0.9.0 fs_1.5.0 kableExtra_1.3.4 knitr_1.36
[5] forcats_0.5.1 stringr_1.4.0 dplyr_1.0.7 purrr_0.3.4
[9] readr_2.0.2 tidyr_1.1.4 tibble_3.1.5 ggplot2_3.3.5
[13] tidyverse_1.3.1 workflowr_1.6.2
loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] bit64_4.0.5 lubridate_1.8.0 RColorBrewer_1.1-2
[4] insight_0.14.5 webshot_0.5.2 httr_1.4.2
[7] rprojroot_2.0.2 tools_4.1.2 backports_1.2.1
[10] utf8_1.2.2 R6_2.5.1 statsExpressions_1.2.0
[13] DBI_1.1.1 colorspace_2.0-2 withr_2.4.2
[16] tidyselect_1.1.1 bit_4.0.4 compiler_4.1.2
[19] git2r_0.28.0 performance_0.8.0 cli_3.1.0
[22] rvest_1.0.2 xml2_1.3.2 labeling_0.4.2
[25] bayestestR_0.11.5 BWStest_0.2.2 scales_1.1.1
[28] mvtnorm_1.1-3 mc2d_0.1-21 multcompView_0.1-8
[31] systemfonts_1.0.3 digest_0.6.28 rmarkdown_2.11
[34] svglite_2.0.0 WRS2_1.1-3 pkgconfig_2.0.3
[37] htmltools_0.5.2 highr_0.9 dbplyr_2.1.1
[40] fastmap_1.1.0 rlang_0.4.12 readxl_1.3.1
[43] rstudioapi_0.13 SuppDists_1.1-9.5 farver_2.1.0
[46] jquerylib_0.1.4 generics_0.1.0 jsonlite_1.7.2
[49] vroom_1.5.5 magrittr_2.0.1 patchwork_1.1.1
[52] parameters_0.15.0 Rcpp_1.0.7 munsell_0.5.0
[55] fansi_0.5.0 lifecycle_1.0.1 stringi_1.7.5
[58] whisker_0.4 yaml_2.2.1 MASS_7.3-54
[61] plyr_1.8.6 paletteer_1.4.0 grid_4.1.2
[64] parallel_4.1.2 promises_1.2.0.1 crayon_1.4.1
[67] PMCMRplus_1.9.3 haven_2.4.3 hms_1.1.1
[70] zeallot_0.1.0 pillar_1.6.4 kSamples_1.2-9
[73] reprex_2.0.1 glue_1.4.2 evaluate_0.14
[76] modelr_0.1.8 vctrs_0.3.8 tzdb_0.1.2
[79] httpuv_1.6.3 cellranger_1.1.0 gtable_0.3.0
[82] rematch2_2.1.2 reshape_0.8.8 assertthat_0.2.1
[85] datawizard_0.2.1 cachem_1.0.6 xfun_0.27
[88] correlation_0.7.1 broom_0.7.9 Rmpfr_0.8-7
[91] later_1.3.0 viridisLite_0.4.0 memoise_2.0.0
[94] gmp_0.6-2.1 ellipsis_0.3.2